[DOWNLOAD] "Child Health Inequality: Framing a Social Work Response (Report)" by Health and Social Work " eBook PDF Kindle ePub Free

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eBook details

• Title: Child Health Inequality: Framing a Social Work Response (Report)
• Author : Health and Social Work
• Release Date : January 01, 2010
• Genre: Health & Fitness,Books,Health, Mind & Body,
• Pages : * pages
• Size : 230 KB

Description

Social epidemiology, a branch of public health research methodology, has helped to shape the definition of health inequality. Its major concepts include the following: maintaining a population perspective, the social context of behavior, contextual multilevel analysis, a developmental and life course perspective, and general susceptibility to disease (Berkman & Kawachi, 2000). The population perspective infers that health is affected by individual characteristics and the characteristics of one's population group (Berkman & Kawachi, 2000; Warnecke et al., 2008). Health behaviors (and health beliefs) are also affected by one's social context of behavior, in that these behaviors are "socially patterned and often clustered with one another" (Berkman & Kawachi, 2000, p. 7). Contextual multilevel analysis is used to assess the multiple factors and effects of population group characteristics; social context; and pathways of proximal, intermediate, and distal determinants of health. Proximal determinants include population characteristics such as, income, class, race; intermediate determinants relate to social context, including neighborhood and social relationships; and distal determinants reflect societal influences such as the social condition of a population (Li, McMurray, & Stanley, 2008;Warnecke et al., 2008). A developmental and life course perspective provides "a lens" through which social factors--such as early life influences that occur at critical points in human development, the cumulative effects of disadvantage over the life course, and material and physical constraints--are understood to affect adult health outcomes (Berkman & Kawachi, 2000; Nepomnyaschy, 2009; Yoo, Slack, & Holl, 2009). General susceptibility to disease presupposes a reciprocal relationship between body and brain, in that biological processes mediate the production of hormones produced by the brain in response to psychosocial stress, cumulative disadvantage, risks, and harmful exposures in the social context (Adelrnan, Herbes-Sommers, & Smith, 2008; Berkman & Kawachi, 2000; Center on the Developing Child at Harvard University [CDCHU], 2009; Li et al., 2008; Shonkoff, Boyce, & McEwen, 2009). This condition, in turn, converges with proximal, intermediate, and distal determinants of health to produce population-based health differences, disparities, and inequalities (Li et al., 2008; Warnecke et al., 2008). The conceptual framework of social epidemiology is strikingly similar to social work's person-in-environment and multisystemic perspectives. Together they inform a working definition of child health inequality:

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